{"id":31920,"date":"2023-10-06T19:18:31","date_gmt":"2023-10-06T17:18:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/?p=31920"},"modified":"2023-10-07T07:14:07","modified_gmt":"2023-10-07T05:14:07","slug":"raimon-obiols-lapunt-del-dia-248-martinez-celorrio-dretes-esquerres-i-educacio-a-espanya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/raimon-obiols-lapunt-del-dia-248-martinez-celorrio-dretes-esquerres-i-educacio-a-espanya\/","title":{"rendered":"Raimon Obiols: L\u2019apunt del dia\/248 (Mart\u00ednez-Celorrio: dretes, esquerres i educaci\u00f3 a Espanya)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>&nbsp;S\u2019ha  de llegir l\u2019estudi de <strong>Xavier Mart\u00ednez-Celorrio<\/strong>,&nbsp; (\u00ab<em>Las diferencias entre gobiernos de izquierdas y de derechas ante la educaci\u00f3n espa\u00f1ola, 1982-2023\u00bb<\/em>), <a href=\"https:\/\/fcampalans.cat\/uploads\/publicacions\/pdf\/12lasdiferenciasentregobiernosdeizquierdasydederechasantelaeducacionespanola19822023.pdf\">que ha publicat la <strong>Fundaci\u00f3<\/strong> <strong>Campalans<\/strong><\/a>. Amb un conjunt  de dades oficials, l\u2019estudi demostra una realitat irrefutable: quan governa l\u2019esquerra, la despesa p\u00fablica en educaci\u00f3 puja. En canvi, quan governa la dreta, baixa. <br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Durant el mandato d\u2019<strong>Aznar<\/strong>, l\u2019educaci\u00f3 va  perdre <strong>11.302<\/strong> milions d\u2019euros; en el de <strong>Rajoy<\/strong>,  <strong>33.350 <\/strong>millones. Si s\u2019hi afegeix  la inflaci\u00f3, la quantitat  total seria de <strong>57.866<\/strong> milions, una xifra semblant al pressupost  actual d\u2019un any.  Impressiona. <br><br>Ahir l\u2019autor (<strong>@xaviermcelorrio<\/strong>),  va fer un fil a <strong>X-Twitter<\/strong>, on resumia les conclusions del seu estudi en aquests <strong>10<\/strong> punts:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>1\/<\/strong> El <strong>PP<\/strong> no conserva mai&nbsp; el <strong>% <\/strong>de<strong> PIB educatiu<\/strong> que deixen els governs socialistes.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211;<em><strong>Felipe Gonz\u00e1lez<\/strong> deix\u00e0 un<strong> 4,64%<\/strong>, <strong>Aznar<\/strong> un<strong> 4,47%<\/strong> per\u00f2 en ple boom del ma\u00f3; &#8211;<strong>Zapatero<\/strong> deix\u00e0 un <strong>4,76%<\/strong> vs. <strong>4,21<\/strong> que ens deix\u00e0 <strong>Rajoy<\/strong>. La factura del <strong>PP<\/strong> per retallar-lo \u00e9s de <strong>44.652<\/strong> milions corrents.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>2\/ amb inflaci\u00f3, avui serien 57.866 milions. Cada any que governa el PP, l\u2019educaci\u00f3 perd 3.875 milions.<\/strong> <strong>Aznar<\/strong> va eludir invertir <strong>18.370<\/strong> milions d\u2019avui. Aix\u00ed enfons\u00e0 la <strong>LOGSE<\/strong>, no baix\u00e0 els ratios, no cre\u00e0 places de FP i l\u2019aband\u00f3 prematur&nbsp; arrib\u00e0&nbsp; al <strong>32,2%<\/strong>, el seu m\u00e0xim hist\u00f2ric.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>3\/ Per tal d\u2019ocultar la desinversi\u00f3, Aznar fix\u00e0 el \u201cframe\u201d d\u2019atacar sense pietat&nbsp; l\u2019educaci\u00f3 p\u00fablica com un &#8220;frac\u00e0s&#8221;<\/strong>:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"574\" src=\"http:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/IMG_0135-1024x574.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31922\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/IMG_0135-1024x574.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/IMG_0135-300x168.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/IMG_0135-768x431.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/IMG_0135-390x220.jpeg 390w, https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/IMG_0135.jpeg 1138w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Rajoy<\/strong> deix\u00e0 d\u2019invertir <strong>33.350<\/strong> milions durant el mandat de l\u2019austeritat <strong>(2012-2018<\/strong>). Amb&nbsp; la inflaci\u00f3 pugen&nbsp; a <strong>39.496<\/strong> milions d\u2019avui.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Per\u00f2&nbsp; la bandera ho tapa tot&#8230;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"915\" src=\"http:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/IMG_0136-1024x915.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31921\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/IMG_0136-1024x915.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/IMG_0136-300x268.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/IMG_0136-768x686.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/IMG_0136.jpeg 1143w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>4\/<\/strong> Entre <strong>2012-2018<\/strong> Rajoy retall\u00e0 <strong>2,7<\/strong> vegades m\u00e9s que la mitjana europea en educaci\u00f3 prim\u00e0ria i secund\u00e0ria i&nbsp; fins <strong>7,2<\/strong> vegades m\u00e9s en terci\u00e0ria&nbsp; universit\u00e0ria. El contrari de Portugal que va tenir govern conservador entre <strong>2012-2015<\/strong>. No totes les dretes s\u00f3n igual. Per\u00f2&nbsp; el <strong>PP<\/strong> es \u00fanic.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>5\/<strong> \u00bfQuins tres efectes tenen les pol\u00edtiques educatives del PP?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>EFECTE 1<\/strong>: trenquen la tend\u00e8ncia positiva de les lleis anteriors. La LOE va estar vigent <strong>7<\/strong> cursos (<strong>2007-08<\/strong> fins a <strong>2013-14<\/strong>). Els seus \u00e8xits:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>a<\/strong>) universalitz\u00e0&nbsp; l\u2019etapa<strong> 3-6<\/strong> amb una rendabilitat posterior 4 vegades major que el seu cost; <strong>b<\/strong>) Amb la LOE l\u2019alumnat resilient a PISA (baixa renda familiar per\u00f2 amb alts resultats) passa del <strong>17,6%<\/strong> el <strong>2006<\/strong> fins a <strong>24,8%<\/strong> el <strong>2015<\/strong>;  <strong>c<\/strong>) elev\u00e0 <strong>12<\/strong> punts la capacitat lectora de l\u2019alumnat amb&nbsp; rendes m\u00e9s baixes i <strong>8<\/strong> punts entre els de classe mitja i alta;  <strong>d<\/strong>) aument\u00e0 <strong>6<\/strong> punts la taxa de graduats ESO, va fer arribar la taxa post-obligat\u00f2ria fins&nbsp; al <strong>74%<\/strong> i redu\u00ed la taxa d\u2019aband\u00f3 quasi <strong>10<\/strong> punts entre <strong>2008<\/strong> (<strong>31,7%<\/strong>) i <strong>2014<\/strong> (<strong>21,9%<\/strong>).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Derogar la LOE va ser una decisi\u00f3 ideol\u00f2gica i partidista nefasta. Vam perdre una d\u00e8cada.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>6\/<\/strong> <strong>EFECTE 2<\/strong>: augmenta la privatitzaci\u00f3 i&nbsp; la despesa familiar privada. Menys impostos, per\u00f2&nbsp; per a que les families paguin un <strong>25,6%<\/strong> m\u00e9s a les CCAA governades sempre pel <strong>PP<\/strong> entre <strong>2010-2018<\/strong>, per un <strong>12%<\/strong> m\u00e9s en CCAA nacionalistes i un <strong>7,6%<\/strong> a les CCAA sempre socialistes en aquests anys.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"509\" src=\"http:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/IMG_0138-1-1024x509.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31927\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/IMG_0138-1-1024x509.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/IMG_0138-1-300x149.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/IMG_0138-1-768x382.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/IMG_0138-1.jpeg 1148w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>7\/<\/strong> Menor despesa p\u00fablica per\u00f2 m\u00e9s recursos a la privada: entre <strong>2011-2018<\/strong> la despesa en concerts augment\u00e0 un <strong>9,7%<\/strong> mentre es retall\u00e0 un <strong>13,8%<\/strong> la despesa\/alumne de la xarxa&nbsp; p\u00fablica. El <strong>2017<\/strong> Espa\u00f1a i Xiile lideren la major despesa privada en educaci\u00f3 b\u00e0sica i&nbsp; batxillerat:&nbsp; <strong>16%<\/strong>.&nbsp; Mitjana <strong>OCDE<\/strong>:<strong>&nbsp; 9%.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>8\/ EFECTE 3<\/strong>: augmenten la segregaci\u00f3 escolar i la regresivitat&nbsp; de la despesa educativa. Entre <strong>2013-17<\/strong> FEDEA constata una redistribuci\u00f3 inversa de la despesa&nbsp; educativa p\u00fablica que arriba&nbsp; a las fam\u00edlies: el quintil m\u00e9s pobre va perdre un <strong>25,28%<\/strong> i els de major renda van rebre un 14% m\u00e9s.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>9\/<\/strong> \u00bfPer a qui governa el <strong>PP<\/strong> en educaci\u00f3? <strong>FEDEA<\/strong> constata que amb <strong>Rajoy<\/strong> es va&nbsp; reduir l\u2019efecte redistributiu de la despesa educativa un <strong>39%<\/strong> en benefici de les families m\u00e9s acomodadas, sense tenir en compte la titularitat p\u00fablica o privada.&nbsp; O sigui, pitjor.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>10\/<\/strong> En resum, el <strong>PP<\/strong> segueix un model segregador, classista i gens meritocr\u00e0tic. Amb contra-reformes ideol\u00f3giques i ineficaces. La factura hist\u00f3rica de <strong>57.866<\/strong> milions no invertits es el veritable llast. No l\u2019esfor\u00e7 de l\u2019alumnat. Ja n\u2019hi ha prou de fer de l&#8217;educaci\u00f3 un <strong>S\u00edsif<\/strong> etern.&nbsp; Mentre el <strong>PP<\/strong> no assumeixi l&#8217;educaci\u00f3 p\u00fablica com un tresor nacional que cal preservar sense retallades i no se sumi a un pacte d&#8217;Estat, anirem regular.&nbsp; Espanya podria ser una pot\u00e8ncia educativa i un pa\u00eds m\u00e9s igualitari, culte i meritocr\u00e0tic, per\u00f2 no per sota del <strong>5%<\/strong> del PIB educatiu.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;S\u2019ha de llegir l\u2019estudi de Xavier Mart\u00ednez-Celorrio,&nbsp; (\u00abLas diferencias entre gobiernos de izquierdas y de derechas ante la educaci\u00f3n espa\u00f1ola, 1982-2023\u00bb), que ha publicat la Fundaci\u00f3 Campalans. Amb un conjunt de dades oficials, l\u2019estudi demostra una realitat irrefutable: quan governa l\u2019esquerra, la despesa p\u00fablica en educaci\u00f3 puja. En canvi, quan governa la dreta, baixa. Durant &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":31933,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,262],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31920","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","category-societat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31920","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31920"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31920\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31940,"href":"https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31920\/revisions\/31940"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31933"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31920"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31920"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.noucicle.org\/lhora\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31920"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}